Intramuscular injection sites

Intramuscular injections are often given in the following areas:

–> Deltoid muscle of the arm

The deltoid muscle is the site most typically used for vaccines. However, this site is not common for self-injection, because its small muscle mass limits the volume of medication that can be injected – typically no more than 1 millilitre,

It’s also difficult to use this site for self-injection. A care-giver, friend or family member can assist with injections into this muscle.

To locate this site, feel for the bone (acromion process) that’s located at the top of the upper arm. The correct area to give the injection is two finger widths below the acromion process. At the bottom of the two fingers, will be an upside-down triangle. Give the injection in the center of the triangle.

–> Vastus Lateralis muscle of the thigh

The thigh may be used when the other sites are not available or if you need to administer the medication on your own.

Divide the upper thigh into three equal parts. Locate the middle of these three sections. The injection should go into the outer top portion of this section.

–> Ventrogluteal muscle of the hip

The ventrogluteal muscle is the safest site for adults and children older than 7 months. Its deep and not close to any major blood vessels and nerves. This site is difficult for self-injection and may require the help of a friend, family member or care-giver.

Place the heel of your hand on the hip of the person receiving the injection, with the fingers pointing towards their head. Position the fingers so the thumb points towards the groin and you feel the pelvis under your pinky finger. Spread your index and middle fingers in a slight V shape and inject the needle into the middle of that V.

–> Dorsogluteal muscles of the buttocks

The dorsogluteal muscle of the buttocks was the site most commonly selected by healthcare providers for many years. However, due to the potential for injury to the sciatic nerve, the ventrogluteal is most often used now. This site is difficult to use for self-injection and not recommended.

You shouldn’t use an injection site that has evidence of infection or injury. If you’ll be giving the injection more than once, make sure to rotate injection sites to avoid injury or discomfort to the muscles.